California State Profile Fiscal Year 2009

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California

Sexuality Education Law and Policy | Recent Legislation | Youth Statistical Information of Note | Sexual Health Statistics | Comprehensive Approaches to Sex Education| Federal Funding of Abstinence-Only-Until-Marriage Programs | Abstinence-Only-Until-Marriage Curricula Used by Grantees | Federal Funding for Abstinence-Only-Until-Marriage Programs in FY 09 | Adolescent Health Contact | Organizations that Support Comprehensive Sexuality Education | Organizations that Oppose Comprehensive Sexuality Education | Local Newspapers | Political Blogs | References

Back to FY 09 State Profiles

California Sexuality Education Law and Policy

California does not require schools to teach sexuality education, though they are required to teach HIV/AIDS education to students at least once in middle school and once in high school. If schools do teach additional sexuality education, which they are permitted to do in kindergarten through 12^thgrade, they must follow certain guidelines.

California state law requires that all instruction be age-appropriate and medically accurate, which is defined as “verified or supported by research conducted in compliance with scientific methods and published in peer-reviewed journals, where appropriate, and recognized as accurate and objective by professional organizations and agencies with expertise in the relevant field, such as the federal Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the American Public Health Association, the American Academy of Pediatrics, and the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists.”^{^[1]}

In addition, California law stipulates that “instruction and materials shall be appropriate for use with pupils of all races, genders, sexual orientations, ethnic and cultural backgrounds, and pupils with disabilities.”^{^[2]} Furthermore, programs “may not promote or teach religious doctrine.”^{^[3]} Instruction must also encourage parent-child communication about sexuality.

Beginning in grade seven, all human sexuality instruction must include information about abstinence “while also providing medically accurate information on other methods of preventing pregnancy and sexually transmitted diseases (STDs).”^{^[4]} This instruction must “provide information about the effectiveness and safety of all FDA-approved contraceptive methods in preventing pregnancy, including, but not limited to, emergency contraception.”^{^[5]}

Each school district must provide in-service training for all teachers and school employees who teach HIV-prevention education. School districts may contract with outside consultants either to teach students or provide the in-service training. California also mandates that all community-based programs using state funds or state-administered funds to prevent unintended pregnancies and STDs adhere to requirements similar to those for school-based programs; instruction must be medically accurate, age-appropriate, culturally and linguistically appropriate for its intended audience, and comprehensive.

Parents or guardians may remove their children from sexuality education and/or STD/HIV education classes. This is referred to as an “opt-out” policy.

See California Education Code §§ 51930–51939, California Health and Safety Code §§ 151000–151003., Health Education Content Standards for California Public Schools: Kindergarten Through Grade Twelve, and Health Education Framework for California Public Schools: Kindergarten Through Grade Twelve.

Recent Legislation

California Teen Dating Violence Prevention Act Introduced

SB 1300, introduced in February 2010, would allow school districts to include age-appropriate education about preventing dating violence in its sexuality education programs for students in grades seven through 12. This instruction would have to be medically accurate and be suitable for all students, regardless of race, ethnicity, gender, sexual orientation, gender identity, cultural background, or disability. Although sexual violence currently is included in the health education standards, SB 1300 seeks to help students learn to form healthy relationships by identifying varying levels of violence, from insults to physical and sexual abuse. The bill passed the Senate Appropriations Committee in May with no opposition. No further action has been taken.

California’s Youth: Statistical Information of Note[6]

Los Angeles, California

In 2009, 33% of female high school students and 44% of male high school students in Los Angeles, California reported ever having had sexual intercourse compared to 46% of female high school students and 46% of male high school students nationwide.

In 2009, 2% of female high school students and 9% of male high school students in Los Angeles, California reported having had sexual intercourse before age 13 compared to 3% of female high school students and 8% of male high school students nationwide.

In 2009, 4% of female high school students and 14% of male high school students in Los Angeles, California reported having had four or more lifetime sexual partners compared to 11% of female high school students and 16% of male high school students nationwide.

In 2009, 23% of female high school students and 28% of male high school students in Los Angeles, California reported being currently sexually active (defined as having had sexual intercourse in the three months prior to the survey) compared to 36% of female high school students and 33% of male high school students nationwide.

In 2009, among those high school students who reported being currently sexually active, 54% of females and 67% of males in Los Angeles, California reported having used condoms the last time they had sexual intercourse compared to 54% of females and 69% of males nationwide.

In 2009, among those high school students who reported being currently sexually active, 8% of females and 8% of males in Los Angeles, California reported having used birth control pills the last time they had sexual intercourse compared to 23% of females and 16% of males nationwide.

In 2009, among those high school students who reported being currently sexually active, 13% of females and 24% of males in Los Angeles, California reported having used alcohol or drugs the last time they had sexual intercourse compared to 17% of females and 26% of males nationwide.

In 2009, 85% of high school students in Los Angeles, California reported having been taught about AIDS/HIV in school compared to 87% of high school students nationwide.

San Bernardino, California

In 2009, 40% of female high school students and 58% of male high school students in San Bernardino, California reported ever having had sexual intercourse compared to 46% of female high school students and 46% of male high school students nationwide.

In 2009, 3% of female high school students and 12% of male high school students in San Bernardino, California reported having had sexual intercourse before age 13 compared to 3% of female high school students and 8% of male high school students nationwide.

In 2009, 7% of female high school students and 22% of male high school students in San Bernardino, California reported having had four or more lifetime sexual partners compared to 11% of female high school students and 16% of male high school students nationwide.

In 2009, 30% of female high school students and 41% of male high school students in San Bernardino, California reported being currently sexually active (defined as having had sexual intercourse in the three months prior to the survey) compared to 36% of female high school students and 33% of male high school students nationwide.

In 2009, among those high school students who reported being currently sexually active, 55% of females and 63% of males in San Bernardino, California reported having used condoms the last time they had sexual intercourse compared to 54% of females and 69% of males nationwide.

In 2009, among those high school students who reported being currently sexually active, 6% of females and 9% of males in San Bernardino, California reported having used birth control pills the last time they had sexual intercourse compared to 23% of females and 16% of males nationwide.

In 2009, among those high school students who reported being currently sexually active, 16% of females and 28% of males in San Bernardino, California reported having used alcohol or drugs the last time they had sexual intercourse compared to 17% of females and 26% of males nationwide.

In 2009, 81% of high school students in San Bernardino, California reported having been taught about AIDS/HIV in school compared to 87% of high school students nationwide.

San Diego, California

In 2009, 34% of female high school students and 44% of male high school students in San Diego, Californiareported ever having had sexual intercourse compared to 46% of female high school students and 46% of male high school students nationwide.

In 2009, 3% of female high school students and 7% of male high school students in San Diego, Californiareported having had sexual intercourse before age 13 compared to 3% of female high school students and 8% of male high school students nationwide.

In 2009, 7% of female high school students and 15% of male high school students in San Diego, Californiareported having had four or more lifetime sexual partners compared to 11% of female high school students and 16% of male high school students nationwide.

In 2009, 25% of female high school students and 30% of male high school students in San Diego, Californiareported being currently sexually active (defined as having had sexual intercourse in the three months prior to the survey) compared to 36% of female high school students and 33% of male high school students nationwide.

In 2009, among those high school students who reported being currently sexually active, 62% of females and 69% of males in San Diego, Californiareported having used condoms the last time they had sexual intercourse compared to 54% of females and 69% of males nationwide.

In 2009, among those high school students who reported being currently sexually active, 20% of females and 16% of males in San Diego, Californiareported having used birth control pills the last time they had sexual intercourse compared to 23% of females and 16% of males nationwide.

In 2009, among those high school students who reported being currently sexually active, 1719% of females and 24% of males in San Diego, Californiareported having used alcohol or drugs the last time they had sexual intercourse compared to 17% of females and 26% of males nationwide.

In 2009, 88% of high school students in San Diego, Californiareported having been taught about AIDS/HIV in school compared to 87% of high school students nationwide.

San Francisco, California

In 2009, 25% of female high school students and 33% of male high school students in San Francisco, California reported ever having had sexual intercourse compared to 46% of female high school students and 46% of male high school students nationwide.

In 2009, 2% of female high school students and 9% of male high school students in San Francisco, Californiareported having had sexual intercourse before age 13 compared to 3% of female high school students and 8% of male high school students nationwide.

In 2009, 6% of female high school students and 14% of male high school students in San Francisco, Californiareported having had four or more lifetime sexual partners compared to 11% of female high school students and 16% of male high school students nationwide.

In 2009, 19% of female high school students and 22% of male high school students in San Francisco, Californiareported being currently sexually active (defined as having had sexual intercourse in the three months prior to the survey) compared to 36% of female high school students and 33% of male high school students nationwide.

In 2009, among those high school students who reported being currently sexually active, 54% of females and 59% of males in San Francisco, Californiareported having used condoms the last time they had sexual intercourse compared to 54% of females and 69% of males nationwide.

In 2009, among those high school students who reported being currently sexually active, 12% of females and 17% of males in San Francisco, Californiareported having used birth control pills the last time they had sexual intercourse compared to 23% of females and 16% of males nationwide.

In 2009, among those high school students who reported being currently sexually active, 15% of females and 27% of males in San Francisco, Californiareported having used alcohol or drugs the last time they had sexual intercourse compared to 17% of females and 26% of males nationwide.

In 2009, 85% of high school students in San Francisco, Californiareported having been taught about AIDS/HIV in school compared to 87% of high school students nationwide.

California Youth Sexual Health Statistics

Teen Pregnancy, Birth, and Abortion

California’s teen pregnancy rate ranks 16^thin the U.S., with a rate of 75 pregnancies per 1,000 young women ages 15–19 compared to the national rate of 70 pregnancies per 1,000.[7] There were a total of 96,490 pregnancies among young women ages 15–19 reported in 2005, the most recent year for which data is available, in California.[8]

California’s teen birth rate ranked 25^th in the U.S. in 2005, with a rate of 38.8 births per 1,000 young women ages 15–19 compared to the national rate of 40.5 births per 1,000.[9] In 2005, there were a total of 50,034 live births reported to young women ages 15–19 in California.[10]

In 2006, the U.S. teen birth rate increased for the first time in 15 years by 3% from 40.5 to 41.9 births per 1,000 young women ages 15–19, after having steadily declined between 1991 and 2005.[11] In contrast, California’s teen birth rate increased 3% between 2005 and 2006, from 38.8 to 39.9 births per 1,000 young women ages 15–19.[12]

HIV and AIDS

California ranks 3^rd in cases of HIV infection diagnosed in the U.S. among all age groups. In 2007, there were a total of 2,687 new cases of HIV infection diagnosed in California. [13]

California’s AIDS rate ranks 11^th in the U.S., with a rate of 13.5 cases per 100,000 population compared to the national rate of 12.5 cases per 100,000.[14]

California ranks 1^st in number of reported AIDS cases in the U.S. among all age groups. In 2007, there were a total of 4,952 new AIDS cases reported in California.[15]

California ranks 3^rd in number of reported AIDS cases in the U.S. among young people ages 13–19. In 2007, there were a total of 41 AIDS cases reported among young people ages 13–19 in California.[16]

Sexually Transmitted Diseases

California ranks 34^th in reported cases of Chlamydia among young people ages 15–19 in the U.S., with an infection rate of 27.37 cases per 1,000 compared to the national rate of 19.51 cases per 1,000. In 2008, there were a total of 5,408 cases of Chlamydia reported among young people ages 15–19 in California.[17]

California ranks 7^th in reported cases of gonorrhea among young people ages 15–19 in the U.S., with an infection rate of 7.57 cases per 1,000 compared to the national rate of 4.52 cases per 1,000. In 2008, there were a total of 1,496 cases of gonorrhea reported among young people ages 15–19 in California.[18]

California ranks 16^thin reported cases of primary and secondary syphilis among young people ages 15–19 in the U.S., with an infection rate of 0.03 cases per 1,000 compared to the national rate of 0.04 cases per 1,000. In 2008, there were a total of 75 cases of syphilis reported among young people ages 15–19 in California.[19]

Comprehensive Approaches to Sex Education

SIECUS has identified some examples of model programs, policies, and best practices being implemented in California public schools that provide a more comprehensive approach to sex education for young people.[20]

Updated State Health Education Standards

Health Education Content Standards for California Public Schools, Kindergarten through Grade Twelve

In March 2008, the California State Board of Education adopted the state’s first-ever health education content standards, Health Education Content Standards for California Public Schools, Kindergarten through Grade Twelve. While the standards are not binding, “local educators are encouraged to apply [the] standards when developing curricular and instructional strategies for health education.”[21] The health education content standards were developed to comply with a state law passed in 2005 requiring the State Board of Education to adopt content standards for health. The standards focus on providing youth with the skills “to make healthy choices and avoid high-risk behaviors.”[22]

The education standards are organized into six content areas, with Growth, Development and Sexual Health listed as one. The standards recommend that sexual health is addressed in grades five, seven and eight, as well as in high school. Beginning in grade five, the standards suggest that essential concepts for Growth, Development and Sexual Health instruction discuss “the human cycle of reproduction,” the human reproductive system, and puberty, and provide definitions for the terms sexually transmitted disease, HIV, and AIDS.[23] For grades six and seven, essential concepts for instruction include, among others, “explain the effectiveness of abstinence in preventing HIV, other STDs, and unintended pregnancy,” “explain the effectiveness of FDA-approved condoms and other contraceptives in preventing HIV, other STDs, and unintended pregnancy,” and “recognize that there are individual differences in growth and development, physical appearance, gender roles, and sexual orientation.” [24] Essential concepts for high school grade levels include, among others, “discuss the characteristics of healthy relationships, dating, committed relationships, and marriage,” “identify why abstinence is the most effective method for the prevention of HIV, other STDs and pregnancy,” and “evaluate the safety and effectiveness, (including success and failure rates) of FDA-approved condoms and other contraceptives in preventing HIV, other STDs, and pregnancy.”[25]

Comprehensive Sex Education Programs in Public Schools

Los Angeles Unified School District

The Los Angeles Unified School District (LAUSD) requires that all teachers and administrators for grades K–12 comply with the statutes of the California Comprehensive Sexual Health and HIV/AIDS Prevention Education Act, and therefore mandates schools to “provide students with the knowledge and skills necessary to protect their sexual health and reproductive health from unintended pregnancies and sexually transmitted diseases” and to “encourage all students to develop healthy attitudes about adolescent growth and development, body image, gender roles, sexual orientation, dating, marriage, and family.”[26]

In compliance with the states Comprehensive Sexual Health and HIV/AIDS Prevention Education Act requirement to provide HIV/AIDS-prevention education to students in grades seven through 12 at least once in middle school and once in high school, LAUSD students must receive such instruction for five class periods in middle school and five class periods in high school.[27] Among other requirements, HIV/AIDS-prevention education instruction must include a “discussion of methods to reduce the risk of HIV infection.”[28] Such instruction must “emphasize that sexual abstinence, monogamy, avoidance of multiple sexual partners, and avoidance of intravenous drug use are the most effective means for HIV/AIDS prevention.”[29] Instruction must also include the latest statistics from the medical field on the success and failure rates of condoms in preventing HIV and on “methods that may reduce the risk of HIV transmission from intravenous drug use.”[30]

All district teachers providing HIV/AIDS-prevention education must complete an eight-hour, skills-based training.[31] The district provides training and curriculum materials for its HIV/AIDS-prevention education through funding from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Division of Adolescent and School Health (CDC-DASH).[32] LAUSD schools are permitted to contract with outside agencies to provide instruction; however, all agencies must be approved by the school district’s HIV/AIDS Prevention Unit. All curricula and materials used by outside agencies must comply with the California Education Code and be deemed “acceptable, appropriate, research-based and validated, medically accurate, bias-free, and inclusive of all populations.”[33]

All LAUSD schools use the district-adopted and required STD/HIV curriculum, Positive Prevention: HIV/STD Prevention Education for America’s Youth (Positive Prevention). Developed by the Orange County Chapter of the American Red Cross, Positive Prevention is a “research-validated” curriculum designed for use with middle school and high school students, alternative students, including home-schooled and special education students, and developmentally disabled adults. [34] In LAUSD schools the curriculum must be taught with a sexual health supplement in order to meet the requirements of the California Education Code.[35]

An evaluation of the curriculum published in the American Journal of Health Education found that it, “significantly increased positive attitudes toward abstaining from sexual intercourse, increased self-efficacy to abstain from sexual activity, and increased self-efficacy to use condoms” among participants.[36]

San Diego Unified School District

San Diego public schools provide comprehensive sex education and HIV instruction through its Sex Education and HIV Prevention Program. The program’s primary goals are to “deliver accurate information to students,” “provide students a way to examine their attitudes and beliefs,” “assist students in the development of interpersonal skills,” and “promote responsible behavior.”[37] The program uses a locally developed, research-based curriculum.

Program instruction consists of a ten-day family life education curriculum in sixth grade, a ten-day sex education curriculum offered in grades eight and 10 or 11, and HIV-prevention instruction in grades nine through 12. All program instruction complies with California Education Code, which requires instruction to be age-appropriate and consist of “factual, medically accurate, and objective information” that is “free of bias and acceptable to all students.”[38] The sex education curriculum in particular emphasizes abstinence and teaches “respect for marriage and committed relationships” while also providing instruction on STD transmission and risk-reduction, and the effectiveness of condoms and contraception, including emergency contraception (EC).

Instruction for grades six and eight also includes a parent/child activity packs, which provide education exercises for parents and students to complete together at home. The activity packs serve to promote parent-child communication, create an environment in the home for discussing human sexuality, and encourage the discussion of family values while also providing instructional information and reinforcing classroom curriculum.[39]

The Sex Education and HIV Prevention Program requires teachers to undergo a mandatory two-day training. Funding for training is provided through CDC-DASH. Health educators from local agencies must also participate in the district training and use district materials if they are going to teach instruction in San Diego schools. The school district holds partnerships with several local agencies that assist with providing instruction, including local Planned Parenthood affiliates, Operation Samahan, YMCA Teen Link, SAY San Diego, Family Health Centers of San Diego, San Diego Family Cares, and Neighborhood House.[40]

San Francisco Unified School District

Through support from its CDC-DASH funded grant, the San Francisco Unified School District (SFUSD) provides HIV-prevention education to all secondary school students and provides supports services for lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and questioning (LGBTQ) students to “help create a safer school environment.”[41] The school district administers the Positive Prevention curriculum to students along with additional supplemental materials. (See the above description about the Los Angeles Unified School District for more information about Positive Prevention).

The district’s Student Support Services Department manages the Student Support Services for LGBTQ Youth program, which provides curriculum, classroom resources, and strategies designed to meet the needs of LGBTQ students and support a healthy school environment. The SFUSD Health Education Curriculum Policy requires students to receive “family diversity” instruction in elementary school and “sexual orientation/gender diversity” instruction in middle and high school.[42] In elementary school, students receive two family diversity lessons per year. Sexual orientation and gender diversity lessons are incorporated into “Diversity Education and Violence Prevention” instruction provided to secondary school students through health education. In middle school, students receive seven periods of Diversity Education and Violence Prevention instruction while high school students receive 10 periods. Lessons are locally produced.[43] In April 2010, SFUSD launched its first-ever, school-based website designed to address topics related to LGBTQ youth as a resource for the district’s teachers, staff, students, and families.[44]

We encourage you to submit any updated or additional information on comprehensive approaches to sex education being implemented in California public schools for inclusion in future publications of the SIECUS State Profiles. Please visit SIECUS’ “Contact Us” webpage at www.siecus.org to share information. Select “state policy” as the subject heading.

Federal Funding for Abstinence-Only-Until-Marriage Programs

Community-based organizations in California received $4,582,943 in federal funds for abstinence-only-until-marriage programs in Fiscal Year 2009.[45]

Title V Abstinence-Only-Until Marriage Funding

California chose not to participate in the Title V abstinence-only-until-marriage program in Fiscal Year 2009. The state was eligible for approximately $7,055,239 in funding. Due to the expiration of the grant program on June 30, 2009, three months prior to the end of the federal fiscal year, the state would have received three quarters of the total funding allocated for the full fiscal year.

California is the only state to have never participated in the federal Title V abstinence-only-until-marriage program.

Community-Based Abstinence Education (CBAE) Funding

Organizations in California received $3,395,376 in CBAE funding for Fiscal Year 2009.

There are six CBAE grantees in California, including four community-based organizations and two faith-based organizations.

Adolescent Family Life Act (AFLA) Funding

Organizations in California received $1,187,567 in AFLA funding for Fiscal Year 2009.
There are two AFLA grantees in California, including one community-based organization and one hospital.

Abstinence-Only-Until-Marriage Curricula Used by Grantees

Some abstinence-only-until-marriage grantees in California use commercially available curricula. These include, but are not limited to:

Choosing the Best

To read reviews of abstinence-only-until-marriage curricula commonly used by federal grantees please visit the “Curricula and Speaker Reviews” webpage of SIECUS’ Community Action Kit at www.communityactionkit.org.

Federal Funding for Abstinence-Only-Until-Marriage Programs in FY 2009[46]

Abstinence-Only-Until-Marriage Grantee	Title V	CBAE (Length of Grant)	AFLA (Length of Grant)
California Hispanic Commission on Alcohol and Drug Abuse www.chcada.org		$600,000 (2006–2011)
Catholic Healthcare West (d.b.a. Northridge Hospital Medical Center) www.northridgehospital.org			$475,000 (2007–2012)
Free to Be www.free-to-be.net		$540,000 (2007–2012)
Imperial Valley Regional Occupational Program www.ivrop.org		$495,837 (2008–2013)
Juvenile Assistance Diversion Effort		$560,000 (2007–2012)
Kings Community Action Organization www.kcao.org			$237,567 (2004–2009) $475,000 (2007–2012)
New Harvest Christian Fellowship, Inc. www.newharvestoneighty.com		$600,000 (2006–2011)
Pacific Camps Family Resource www.pacificcamps.com		$599,539 (2008–2013)

Adolescent Health Contact[47]

Sharla Smith

HIV/AIDS Consultant

School Health Connections

California Department of Education

1430 North Street, #6408

Sacramento, CA 95814

Phone: (916) 319-0914

California Organizations that Support Comprehensive Sexuality Education

ACLU of Northern California 39 Drumm Street San Francisco, CA 94111 Phone: (415) 621-2493 www.aclunc.org	ACOG, District IX (CA) 1425 River Park Drive, Suite 235 Sacramento, CA 95815 Phone: (916) 446-2264 www.acog.org/acog_districts/ dist_web.cfm?recno=13
Ally Action 106 San Pablo Towne Center #319 San Pablo, CA 94806 Phone: (925) 685-5480 www.allyaction.org	Asian Communities for Reproductive Justice 1440 Broadway, Suite 301 Oakland, CA 94612 Phone: (510) 663-8300 www.reproductivejustice.org
Asian Health Services 818 Webster Street Oakland, CA 94607 Phone: (510) 986-6800 www.asianhealthservices.org	Bay Area Communities for Health Education 2977 Ygnacio Valley Road, #187 Walnut Creek, CA 94598 Phone: (925) 899-6789
California Latinas for Reproductive Justice Post Office Box 412225 Los Angeles, CA 90041 Phone: (213) 270-5258 www.californialatinas.org	Campfire USA Orange County Council 1505 East 17^th Street, Suite 225 Santa Ana, CA 92705 Phone: (714) 547-5200 www.campfireusaoc.org
Center for Research on Adolescent Health and Development Public Health Institute 555 12^th Street, 10^th floor Oakland, CA 94607 Phone: (510) 285-5500 www.crahd.phi.org	Fresno Barrios Unidos 4415 East Tulare Avenue Fresno, CA 93702 Phone: (559) 452-9662
Gay-Straight Alliance Network 1550 Bryant Street, Suite 800 San Francisco, CA 94103 Phone: (415) 552-4229 www.gsanetwork.org	Health Initiatives for Youth 235 Montgomery Street, Suite 430 San Francisco, CA 94104 Phone: (415) 274-1970 www.hify.org
NARAL Pro-Choice California 111 Pine Street, Suite 1500 San Francisco, CA 94111 Phone: (415) 890-1020 www.prochoicecalifornia.org	Pacific Institute for Women’s Health Pharmacy Access Partnership 614 Grand Avenue, #324 Oakland, CA 94610 Phone: (510) 272-0150 www.piwh.org
Physicians for Reproductive Choice and Health PO Box 590772 San Francisco, CA 94159 Phone: (415) 734-8500 www.prch.org	Planned Parenthood Affiliates of California 555 Capitol Mall, Suite 510 Sacramento, CA 95814 Phone: (916) 446-5247 www.ppacca.org
San Francisco AIDS Foundation 995 Market Street San Francisco, CA 94103 Phone: (415) 487-3000 www.sfaf.org	Tapestry (Humboldt County Office of Education) 901 Myrtle Avenue Eureka, CA 95501 Phone: (707) 445-7179
Teen Pregnancy Coalition of San Mateo County 703 Woodside Road, Suite 7 Redwood City, CA 94061 Phone: (650) 367-1937 www.teenpregnancycoalition.org	YWCA of the Harbor Area and South Bay 437 9^th Street San Pedro, CA 90731 Phone: (310) 547-0831 www.ywcaharbor.org

California Organizations that Oppose Comprehensive Sexuality Education

Abiding Truth Ministries P.O. Box 891023 Temecula, CA 92589 Phone: (916) 965-8925 www.abidingtruth.com	Capital Resource Institute 660 J Street, Suite 250 Sacramento, CA 95814 Phone: (916) 498-1940 www.capitolresource.org
California ProLife Council 2306 J Street, Suite 200 Sacramento, CA 95816 Phone: (916) 442-8315 www.californiaprolife.org	California Right to Life P.O. Box 4343 Walnut Creek, CA 94596 Phone: (925) 944-5351 www.calright2life.org
Citizens for Excellence in Education P.O. Box 3200 Costa Mesa, CA 92628 Phone: (714) 546-2226 www.nace-cee.org	First Resort Medical and Counseling Offices 400 30^th Street, Suite 401 Oakland, CA 94609 Phone: (510) 891-9998 www.firstresort.net
Life Research Institute 4279 Armand Drive Concord, CA 94521	Pacific Justice Institute P.O. Box 276600 Sacramento, CA 95827 Phone: (916) 857-6900 www.pacificjustice.org
Right to Life League of Southern California 1028 North Lake Avenue, Suite 207 Pasadena, CA 91104 Phone: (626) 398-6100 www.rtllsc.org	Sanctity of Human Life Network P.O. Box 342 Fair Oaks, CA 95628 Phone: (916) 481-8926 www.sohlnet.org
Traditional Values Coalition 100 South Anaheim Boulevard, Suite 350 Anaheim, CA 92805 Phone: (714) 520-0300 www.traditionalvalues.org	United States Justice Foundation 932 D Street, Suite 2 Ramona, CA 92065 Phone: (760) 788-6624
Westside Pregnancy Resource Center 11500 West Olympic Boulevard, Suite 570 Los Angeles, CA 90064 Phone: (310) 268-8400 www.wprc.org	Women’s Resource Network 2411 East Valley Parkway, #315 Escondido, CA 92046 Phone: (760) 741-5114

Newspapers in California[48]

Bakersfield Californian Newsroom 1707 Eye Street Bakersfield, CA 93301 Phone: (661) 395-7500 www.bakersfield.com	Contra Costa Times Newsroom P.O. Box 8099 Walnut Creek, CA 94596 Phone: (925) 943-8235 www.contracostatimes.com
The Fresno Bee Newsroom 1626 E Street Fresno, CA 93786 Phone: (559) 441-6330 www.fresnobee.com	Los Angeles Times Newsroom 202 West 1^st Street Los Angeles, CA 90012 Phone: (213) 237-5000 www.latimes.com
The Modesto Bee Newsroom 1325 H Street Modesto, CA 95352 Phone: (209) 578-2028 www.modbee.com	Oakland Tribune Newsroom P.O. Box 28884 Oakland, CA 94604 Phone: (510) 208-6450 www.insidebayarea.com
Orange County Register Newsroom 625 North Grand Avenue Santa Ana, CA 92701 Phone: (714) 796-7951 www.ocregister.com	The Press Democrat Newsroom P.O. Box 910 Santa Rosa, CA 95402 Phone: (707) 546-2020 www.pressdemo.com
The Press-Enterprise Newsroom P.O. Box 792 Riverside, CA 92502 Phone: (951) 368-9549 www.pe.com	The Sacramento Bee Newsroom P.O. Box 15779 Sacramento, CA 95852 Phone: (916) 321-1001 www.sacbee.com
San Diego Union-Tribune Newsroom P.O. Box 120191 San Diego, CA 92112 Phone: (619) 293-1211 www.signonsandiego.com	San Francisco Chronicle Newsroom 901 Mission Street San Francisco, CA 94103 Phone: (415) 777-1111 www.sfgate.com/chronicle
San Jose Mercury News Newsroom 750 Ridder Park Drive San Jose, CA 95190 Phone: (408) 920-5444 www.mercurynews.com	Ventura County Star Newsroom 5250 Ralston Street Ventura, CA 93003 Phone: (805) 437-0209 www.venturacountystar.com
Siskiyou Daily News Newsroom 309 South Broadway Street Yreka, CA 96097 Phone: (530) 842-5777 www.siskiyoudaily.com

Political Blogs in California

Calbuzz www.calbuzz.com	The California Report www.californiareport.org
Calitics www.calitics.com	Capitol Notes www.blogs.kqed.org/capitalnotes
Flash Report www.flashreport.org

[1] Cal. Ed.Code § 51931(d), <http://www.leginfo.ca.gov/cgi-bin/displaycode?section=edc&group=51001-52000&file=51930-51932>

[2] Cal. Ed. Code § 51933(b)(4).

[3] Cal. Ed. Code § 51933(d)(1).

[4] Cal. Ed. Code § 51933(b)(8).

[5] Cal. Ed. Code, § 51933(b)(10), <http://www.leginfo.ca.gov/cgi-bin/displaycode?section=edc&group=51001-52000&file=51933>

[6] Danice K. Eaton, et. al., “Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance—United States, 2009,” Surveillance Summaries, Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, vol. 59, no. SS-5 (4 June 2010): 98–109, accessed 4 June 2010, <http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/pdf/ss/ss5905.pdf>. Note: California did not participate in the 2009 YRBS; however, some large cities in California did participate in the survey.

[7] U.S. Teenage Pregnancies, Births, and Abortions: National and State Trends and Trends by Race and Ethnicity, (Washington, DC: Guttmacher Institute, January 2010), accessed 5 March 2010, <http://www.guttmacher.org/pubs/USTPtrends.pdf>, Table 3.1.

[8] Ibid., Table 3.2.

[9] Joyce A. Martin, et. al, “Births: Final Data for 2006,” National Vital Statistics Reports, vol. 57, number 7 (Hyattsville, MD: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 7 January 2009), accessed 5 March 2010, <http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nvsr/nvsr57/nvsr57_07.pdf>, Table B.

[10] Ibid., Table 12.

[11] Martin, et. al, “Births: Final Data for 2006,” 4.

[12] Ibid., Table B.

[13] “Cases of HIV Infection and AIDS in the United States and Dependent Areas, 2007,” HIV/AIDS Surveillance Report, vol. 19, (Atlanta, GA:Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, February 2009), accessed 5 March 2010, <http://www.cdc.gov/hiv/topics/surveillance/resources/reports/2007report/pdf/2007SurveillanceReport.pdf> , Table 18.

[14] Ibid.; “AIDS Case Rate per 100,000 Population, All Ages, 2007,” Kaiser Family Foundation, accessed 5 March 2010, <http://www.statehealthfacts.org/comparetable.jsp?ind=513&cat=11&sub=120&yr=62&typ=1&sort=a>.

[15] Ibid., Table 16.

[16] Slide 15: “Reported AIDS Cases among Adolescents 13 to 19 Years of Age, 2007—United States and Dependent Areas,” HIV/AIDS Surveillance in Adolescents and Young Adults (through 2007), (Atlanta, GA: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, May 2009), accessed 25 March 2010, <http://www.cdc.gov/hiv/topics/surveillance/resources/slides/adolescents/index.htm>.

[17] “Wonder Database: Selected STDs by Age, Race/Ethnicity, and Gender, 1996-2008 Results,” (Atlanta:GA Centers for Disease Control and Prevention), 30 June 2009, accessed 5 March 2010, <http://wonder.cdc.gov/>; see also Table 10: “Chlamydia: Reported Cases and Rates Per 100,000 Population by Age Group and Sex: United States, 2004–2008,” Sexually Transmitted Disease Surveillance 2008, (Atlanta, GA: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Division of STD Prevention, November 2009), accessed 5 March 2010, <http://www.cdc.gov/std/stats08/surv2008-Complete.pdf>, 95.

[18] Ibid; see also Table 20: “Gonorrhea—Reported Cases and Rates per 100,000 Population by Age Group and Sex: United States, 2004–2008,” Sexually Transmitted Disease Surveillance 2008,106.

[19] Ibid; see also Table 33: “Primary and Secondary Syphilis—Reported Cases and Rates per 100,000 Population by Age Group and Sex: United States, 2004–2008,” Sexually Transmitted Disease Surveillance 2008, 121.

[20] This is by no means a complete list of all comprehensive programming and policies related to sexuality education, but rather some examples of best practices and model programs that SIECUS identified.

[21] “A Message from the State Board of Education and the State Superintendent of Public Instruction,” Health Education Content Standards for California Public Schools, Kindergarten through Grade Twelve (Sacramento, CA: California Department of Education, March 2008), accessed 4 May 2010, <http://www.cde.ca.gov/be/st/ss/documents/healthstandmar08.pdf>, v.

[22] “Background of the Standards,” Health Education Content Standards for California Public Schools, Kindergarten through Grade Twelve (Sacramento, CA: California Department of Education, March 2008), accessed 4 May 2010, <http://www.cde.ca.gov/be/st/ss/documents/healthstandmar08.pdf>, vii.

[23] “Grade Five: Growth, Development and Sexual Health,” Health Education Content Standards for California Public Schools, Kindergarten through Grade Twelve (Sacramento, CA: California Department of Education, March 2008), accessed 4 May 2010, <http://www.cde.ca.gov/be/st/ss/documents/healthstandmar08.pdf>, 24.

[24] “Grades Seven and Eight: Growth, Development and Sexual Health,” Health Education Content Standards for California Public Schools, Kindergarten through Grade Twelve (Sacramento, CA: California Department of Education, March 2008), accessed 4 May 2010, <http://www.cde.ca.gov/be/st/ss/documents/healthstandmar08.pdf>, 35.

[25] “High School (Grades Nine through Twelve),” Development and Sexual Health,” Health Education Content Standards for California Public Schools, Kindergarten through Grade Twelve (Sacramento, CA: California Department of Education, March 2008), accessed 4 May 2010, <http://www.cde.ca.gov/be/st/ss/documents/healthstandmar08.pdf>, 47.

[26] California Education Code §§ 51930(b)(1)–(2); see also “Complying with the California Comprehensive Sexual Health and HIV/AIDS Prevention Education Act (SB 71),” Los Angeles Unified School District BUL-1132.3 Attachment A, 8 September 2008, accessed 4 May 2010, <http://aidspreventionlausd.net/images/pdfs%20policies/BUL-1132.3.pdf>.

[27] “Complying with the California Comprehensive Sexual Health and HIV/AIDS Prevention Education Act (SB 71),” <http://aidspreventionlausd.net/images/pdfs%20policies/BUL-1132.3.pdf>, 3.

[28] California Education Code § 51934(3); see also “Complying with the California Comprehensive Sexual Health and HIV/AIDS Prevention Education Act (SB 71),” <http://aidspreventionlausd.net/images/pdfs%20policies/BUL-1132.3.pdf>, 3.

[29] Ibid.

[30] Ibid.

[31] “Required Curriculum for HIV Prevention-Education,” Los Angeles Unified School District HIV/AIDS Prevention Unit, accessed 4 May 2010, <http://aidspreventionlausd.net/teachersandstaff.html>.

[32] “Local Agencies: Los Angeles, California”, Healthy Youth! (Atlanta, GA: National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion), accessed 4 May 2010, <http://www.cdc.gov/HealthyYouth/states/locals/ca-losangeles.htm>.

[33] Email correspondence to Morgan Marshall from Tim Kordic, project advisor for the Los Angeles Unified School District HIV/AIDS Prevention Unit, 4 February 2010.

[34] “Positive Prevention: HIV/STD Education for America’s Youth,” American Red Cross, accessed 4 May 2010, <http://www.positiveprevention.com/>.

[35] “Required Curriculum for HIV Prevention-Education,” <http://aidspreventionlausd.net/teachersandstaff.html>.

[36] “Preliminary Findings,” Positive Prevention: HIV/STD Education for America’s Youth, American Red Cross, accessed 4 May 2010, <http://www.positiveprevention.com/prelim_findings.html>.

[37] “Overview,” Sexual Education, San Diego Unified School District, accessed 4 May 2010, <http://www.sandi.net/204510915162157563/site/default.asp>.

[38] Marge Kleinsmith-Hildebrand, “Laws and Policies for Sex Education and HIV Prevention,” PowerPoint presentation, San Diego Unified School District, accessed 4 May 2010, <http://www.sandi.net/204510915162157563/blank/browse.asp?A=383&BMDRN=2000&BCOB=0&C=57999>.

[39] “Parent/Child Activities: Family Life Education Grade 6,” San Diego Unified School District, accessed 4 May 2010, <http://www.sandi.net/204510915162157563/lib/204510915162157563/Parent%20Packets/Parent%20Packet%20Gr%206%20Eng%204017.pdf>.

[40] Email correspondence to Morgan Marshall from Marge Kleinsmith-Hildebrand, resource teacher for the San Diego Unified School District HIV Prevention and Sex Education Program, 5 February 2010.

[41] Email correspondence to Morgan Marshall from Rosalia Lopez, Student Support Services Department, San Francisco Unified School District, 5 February 2010.

[42] “Curriculum,” Support Services for LGBTQ Youth, San Francisco Unified School District Student Support Services Department, accessed 4 May 2010, <http://healthiersf.org/LGBTQ/InTheClassroom/curriculum.html>.

[43] Ibid.

[44] Email correspondence to Morgan Marshall from Rosalia Lopez.

[45] This refers to the federal government’s fiscal year, which begins on October 1^st and ends on September 30^th. The fiscal year is designated by the calendar year in which it ends; for example, Fiscal Year 2009 began on October 1, 2008 and ended on September 30, 2009.

[46] Through the Fiscal Year 2010 appropriations process, Congress eliminated all discretionary funding for abstinence-only-until-marriage programs, including the entire CBAE program and the abstinence-only-until-marriage portion of AFLA. The grant years listed in the chart reflect the years for which funding was originally approved; however, the grants effectively ended in Fiscal Year 2009.

[47] SIECUS has identified this position as a state-based contact for information on adolescent health and if applicable, abstinence-only-until-marriage programs.

[48] This section is a list of major newspapers in your state with contact information for their newsrooms. This list is by no means exhaustive and does not contain the local level newspapers which are integral to getting your message out to your community. SIECUS strongly urges you to follow stories about the issues that concern you on the national, state, and local level by using an internet news alert service such as Google alerts, becoming an avid reader of your local papers, and establishing relationships with reporters who cover your issues. For more information on how to achieve your media goals visit the SIECUS Community Action Kit.

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